Russian Grammar
Due to complex Russian grammar, Russian is considered one of the more difficult European languages to learn. Russian sentence structure uses no less than 6 cases (падежи).
A common mistake in learning Russian is jumping straight into a bunch of vocabulary without taking the time to understand the basic principals of Russian Grammar and sentence structure. This works at the start, but leads to greater confusion as you progress.
To help you out, we give a very brief explanation of each case below. This may be particularly helpful to native English speakers who have never formerly studied grammar in the context of the genitive case, instrumental case, etc.
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Free Russian Grammar Resources
RussianLessons.net AlphaDictionary AuburnUniversity
DenverUniversity RussianLanguageMentor
Each site contains Russian grammar exercises that require you to type in Russian characters. Learn how to activate Cyrillic Font and install a Phonetic Russian Keyboard on your Windows Operating System.
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Russian Grammar |
Explanations |
Exercises |
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Russian Nouns |
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Nominative Case |
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Genitive Case |
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Dative Case |
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Accusative Case |
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Instrumental Case |
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Prepositional Case |
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Nouns Irregularities |
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Russian Pronouns |
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Nominative Case |
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Genitive Case |
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Dative Case |
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Accusative Case |
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Instrumental Case |
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Prepositional Case |
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Personal Pronouns |
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Possessive Pro. |
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Demonstrative Pro. |
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Pronoun: который |
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Indefinite Pronoun |
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Negative Pronouns |
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Reflexive Pronoun |
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RussianLessons.net AlphaDictionary AuburnUniversity
DenverUniversity RussianLanguageMentor
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Russian Grammar |
Explanations |
Exercises |
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Russian Adjectives |
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Nominative Case |
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Genitive Case |
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Dative Case |
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Accusative Case |
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Instrumental Case |
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Prepositional Case |
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Short Forms |
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Comparatives |
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Russian Verbs |
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Present Tense |
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Past Tense |
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Verbs of Motion |
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Verbs of Position |
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Aspects |
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Reflexive Verbs |
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| Imperatives |
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| Participles |
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RussianLessons.net AlphaDictionary AuburnUniversity
DenverUniversity RussianLanguageMentor
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Russian Grammar |
Explanations |
Exercises |
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Russian Adverbs |
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Conjunctions |
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Coordinating Conj. |
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Subordinating Conj. |
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Other Conjunctions |
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Conj. Modifiers |
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Time Expressions |
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Question Words |
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Spelling Rules |
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Russian Cases - Падежи
- Nominative - Именительный
- It's the subject in a sentence.
- ie. The girl is smart. - Девушка умная.
- learn more: Nouns in the nominative case.
- Nominative case is used in conjunction with a few prepositions, but in general, the subject of a sentence isn't influenced by prepositions or verbs.
- learn more: Prepositions of nominative case.
- Genitive - Родительный
- Think of Genitive case as the "of " case (possession).
- ie. The book of the girl. - Книга девушки.
- Genitive case in Russian gets somewhat complicated. It's also used with numbers, negated verbs, and with a whole bunch of different prepositions and verbs.
- learn more: Nouns in the genitive case.
- There are so many (longest list of the 6
cases), that we will not list
them all. Some of the major ones
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from (since) - с
without - без
against - против
far from - далеко от
near (by) - возле
near - около
by - у
along - вдоль
around - вокруг
among - среди
through - сквозь
apart from - помимо
except - кроме
until - до
after - после
inside - внутриfor the purpose of - для
from (a person or place) - от
as - в качестве
in the direction of - в сторону
instead of - вместо
past (too far) - мимо
for the sake of - ради
as a result of - в результате
because of - из-за
concerning - по поводу
concerning - насчёт
as for - что касается
during - во время
during - в продолжение
during - в течение
etc., etc. - learn more: Prepositions of genitive case.
- Dative - Дательный
- Dative case is the "to" case.
- ie. We're going to the girl. - Мы идём к девушке.
- learn more: Nouns in the dative case.
What is Nominative Case?
Nominative Case Prepositions & Verbs
What is Genitive Case?
Genitive Case: Prepositions & Verbs
What is Dative Case?